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Baucus, Powerful Finance Chairman, Will Leave Senate

Baucus, Powerful Montana Democrat, Will Leave Senate

Christopher Gregory/The New York Times

Senator Max Baucus, Democrat of Montana, seen here after voting last Wednesday against expanding background checks for gun purchases, will leave the Senate after 36 years.

Senator Max Baucus of Montana, the chairman of the Finance Committee, will retire from the Senate after 36 years, becoming the sixth Senate Democrat to leave the chamber in the 2014 elections, according to Democratic officials close to the senator.

A Democratic official said former Gov. Brian Schweitzer of Montana, a Democrat and still one of the most popular political figures in the state, is leaning toward running for the seat, giving the party a strong chance at retaining it. But Mr. Baucus’s departure means the Democrats will now be defending open seats in Iowa, Michigan, Montana, New Jersey, South Dakota and West Virginia.

As recently as Friday, aides to Mr. Baucus indicated that he had no intention of retiring. He had amassed a $5 million campaign treasury and was in New York last week meeting with donors. His votes against gun legislation promoted by President Obama and against the Democratic leadership’s budget plan seemed calculated to appeal to conservative voters in his state.

But those votes isolated Mr. Baucus from other members of the Senate Democratic Caucus in ways reminiscent of 2001, when he infuriated Democrats by working with President George W. Bush to pass a 10-year, $1.35 trillion tax cut.

This week, over Mr. Baucus’s fierce opposition and without the Finance Committee’s imprimatur, Democratic leaders forced Internet sales tax legislation to the Senate floor. Montana is one of four states without a sales tax, and Mr. Baucus has tried to rally opposition to the Internet bill, which is championed by Senator Richard J. Durbin of Illinois, the Senate’s No. 2 Democrat.

“Baucus versus the Caucus” has become a catchphrase in the halls of the Capitol.